(Best viewed on a desktop computer)
For collectors of US military uniforms and equipment, contract labels are a critical tool for understanding both authenticity and provenance. When interpreted correctly, they can help approximate an item’s period of manufacture and identify the military branch and authority under which it was procured.
Contract labels first appeared with limited information around the turn of the 20th century and have evolved incrementally alongside the increasingly complex supply and procurement systems of the US Military. From the First World War onward, contract labels or stamps have appeared on nearly all issued material goods, and despite numerous administrative changes, many of their core elements remain recognisable today.
Although contract labels are among the most frequently questioned aspects of US military collecting, even a basic understanding of their structure and purpose allows them to be used effectively. This guide focuses on contract labels found on US Army clothing and individual equipment, tracing their development from the pre–First World War era through to the present day.
This article is intended as a reference for collectors and re-enactors to consult and cross-reference as needed. It may be updated if new information becomes available. All information presented here has been independently consolidated from reliable primary sources, including government documents and official archival material. If you would like to contribute to this research, please use the "Contact Us" link at the bottom of the page.
Composition
Contents that appear on contract labels between the 1900s and the present include the following:
- Title
- Sizing information
- Contract Number / Procurement Instrument Identification Number (PIID)
- Contract date
- Stock Number
- Federal Stock Number (FSN) (1952-1973)
- National Stock Number (NSN) (1973-Present)
- Specification Number
- Pattern date
- Contractor (Manufacturer)
- Contracting Agency
- Fibre Content
- Inspector stamp
- Instructions
The structure, composition, and much of the content of US Military contract labels and stamps have never been entirely standardised at any point since their emergence in 1907. Therefore, the labels shown in this article are provided only as representational references to show the fluid evolution of contract labels throughout the 20th century to the present.
Shown below are nine contract labels from various periods (WWI, Inter-War, WWII, Korean War, Post-Korean War, Vietnam (2), Post-Vietnam, and Modern). Highlighted are the contract numbers, stock numbers, and specification numbers, illustrating how their format and presentation evolved across different periods.
Key:
CONTRACT NUMBER
STOCK NUMBER
SPECIFICATION NUMBER
There is often confusion surrounding the dates shown on contract labels, as these do not indicate the exact date an item was manufactured. Instead, two different dates may appear. The specification date refers to when the technical requirements for the item were approved, while the contract date indicates when the procurement contract was awarded to a manufacturer. Production typically occurred over a period of months, or sometimes years, following the contract award.
In addition, the two-digit date code within a contract number represents the fiscal year, not the calendar year. For example, a contract issued in FY1980 may have been awarded at any point between 1 October 1979 and 30 September 1980.
Prior to 1976, the U.S. federal fiscal year ran from 1 July to 30 June. As a result, a contract dated FY1965 could have been awarded between 1 July 1964 and 30 June 1965. Some contract labels also include the calendar year in which the contract was awarded.
Contract Numbers
Prior to FY1967, when the Department of Defense implemented its first fully standardised contract-numbering system, contract numbers exhibited significant variation. Although certain formats can be identified and periodic restructurings occurred over time, labels frequently display abbreviated numbers, reordered elements, or additional suffixes that reflect changing administrative practices.
This variability largely reflects the fact that the US military was engaged in multiple large-scale conflicts throughout the 20th century, each exposing weaknesses in procurement, supply, and distribution systems, or requiring new organisational structures as technology and departmental organisation evolved. As procurement responsibilities shifted and new agencies were created, the regulations governing contract identification evolved as well, resulting in repeated changes to numbering practices.
Above: Two charts that show the massive reorganisation and expansion of the Quartermaster Corps between 1942 and 1944
(Source: Risch, Erna. The Quartermaster Corps: Organization, Supply, and Services. Vol. 1. Washington, DC: Office of the Chief of Military History, U.S. Army, 1953.)
By the mid-1960s, the Department of Defense had reached a point where service-specific and locally developed numbering systems could no longer support modern procurement and logistics requirements. Prior to this period, the Army, Navy, and Air Force each used their own contract-number formats, developed independently and often modified at the issuing activity level. While adequate in a paper-based environment, these systems produced ambiguity once contracts began to circulate across agencies and centralised supply organisations like the DSA.
The creation of the Defense Supply Agency (DSA) in 1961 accelerated this problem. DSA assumed centralised responsibility for major categories of DoD procurement, including clothing, equipment, and consumables, while inheriting multiple incompatible numbering systems from the military services. By the mid-1960s, contracts were being issued across numerous commodity groups and locations, increasing the risk of duplicate numbers, weak audit trails, and inconsistent reporting.
“An entire family of military standard data systems has been produced jointly by DSA and the military Services to meet current logistics requirements. The development of these data systems eliminated many of the varied procedures, codes, data elements, and formats existing throughout DoD, and provided the base for expeditious processing of logistics information through greater reliance on high-speed data processing equipment, communication systems, common code languages, and machine-processable formats. These systems have affected all elements of DoD, and, in some instances, GSA and the Coast Guard. Because of an increasing trend toward supply support crossing military Service lines, it was essential that a single monitoring agency assure uniform systems application among users. DSA has been designated as the single focal point in DoD for system supervision after the design and implementation phases.”
(Department of Defense Annual Report for Fiscal Year 1964 - Page 91 - Military Standard Logistics Data Systems)
Structure of the DSA
Items managed and inventories held by supply centres managed by the DSA
(Source: "Annual Report of the Defense Supply Agency, October 1, 1961 to June 30, 1962")
Map of DSA Supply Chains, Service Centre, Depots, and Defense Contract Administration Servicers Regional Headquarters (Source: "Background Material on Economic Impact on Federal Procurement, March 1966)
In July 1962, the Military Standard Requisitioning and Issue Procedures (MILSTRIP) was introduced, which implemented more stringent contract number formatting, but still, variations in contract number sequencing can be observed. This system would be further improved throughout the decade.
“The Military Standard Requisitioning and Issue Procedures (MILSTRIP) have been used by all DoD elements since July 1962 in ordering and issuing supplies.”
(Department of Defense Annual Report for Fiscal Year 1964 - Page 92 - Military Standard Logistics Data Systems)
Beyond the implementation of MILSTRIP, the DoD was introducing additional automated data-processing systems for accounting, inventory control, and logistics, including developments of MILSTRIP and the early Defense Automatic Addressing System (DAAS). These systems required fixed-format, machine-readable identifiers with consistent positional meaning, something pre-1967 contract numbers could not reliably provide. Beginning in FY1967, DoD contract numbers were standardised as Procurement Instrument Identification (PIID) numbers, establishing a structured format that forms the basis of the system still in use today. As part of this change, earlier contracting office or supply centre identifiers were consolidated into standardised issuing activity identifiers (contracting agency code), formalised as “Activity Address Codes” (e.g. “DSA-100-67-C-xxxx” becomes “DSA100-67-xxxx”).
With the tables below, we can identify how, over time, the content and sequencing of contract numbers have been continually shuffled, added to, and redacted. While referencing the table, having a printed copy of the key and subsequent subheadings may be useful. It is best viewed on a desktop computer or laptop. All of the example contract numbers that are provided in the third column are real.
There is a supplementary Google Docs document for this portion of the article, where you can view hundreds of examples of US Military contract labels to help guide your research and to help with referencing. Please click HERE, or the link below, to open the document in your web browser.
Army Contract Number Sequencing
Key:
c - Contracting Agency
d - Quartermaster Depot Code (1962-1968; Supply Center)
sub - Depot Subdivision (later, Procurement Center)
p - Procurement Agency (1967 onward; Activity Address Code)
s - Serial Number
t - Type (1953-1966) (1967 onward; Instrument Code)
y - Fiscal Year
dmy - Day, Month, Year (Written Calendar date)
OI - Unknown Code / Order Indefinite (speculative)
o - Unknown OI Code
CPM - Unknown / Clothing & Textile (speculative)
CTM - Unknown / Clothing & Textile (speculative)
PC - Packing Code Prefix
k - Packing Code
x - Unknown code
(c) Contracting Agencies:
W = War Department
DA = Department of the Army
N = Navy
M = Marines
AF = Air Force
F = Air Force
(p) Army Procurement Agencies Clothing, Textiles, and Individual Equipment:
QM = Quartermaster Corps (1930s-1962)
TAP = Textile and Apparel (Armed Services Textile and Apparel Procurement Agency (ASTAPA)) (1953)
DSA = Defense Supply Agency (1961-1977)
DLA = Defense Logistics Agency (1977-Present)
Army Commodity Supply Centres for Clothing, Textiles, and Individual Equipment:
AFSSC = Armed Forces Supply Support Center (QMC) (1958-1961)
DCTSA = Defense Clothing and Textile Supply Agency (DSA) (1962-1965)
(Alternatively, DCTSC = DCTSCenter)
DPSC = Defense Personnel Supply Center (DSA-DLA) (1965-1998)
DSCP = Defense Supply Centre, Philadelphia (DLA) (1998-2010)
DLA Troop Support (DLA) (2010-Present)
(p) Other Common Procurement Agencies:
CIV = Emergency Conservation Fund (Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC))
ECW = Emergency Conservation Work (Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC))
ECF = Emergency Conservation Fund (Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC))
OD/ORD = Ordnance Department
SG = Surgeon General (Medical Department)
AC = Air Corps
FEC = Far East Command
EUC = European Command
TC = Unknown
(p) Activity Address Codes (AAC) That Typically Appear on Clothing & Textiles (1967-Present):
DSA100 = DSA, Defense Personnel Supply Center (DPSC), Directorate of Clothing & Textiles
DLA100 = DLA, Defense Personnel Supply Center (DPSC), Directorate of Clothing & Textiles
SPO100 = DLA, Defense Supply Center, Philadelphia (DSCP)
SPM100 = DLA, Defense Supply Center, Philadelphia (DSCP)
SPM1C1 = DLA Troop Support, Philadelphia
SPE1C1 = DLA Troop Support, Philadelphia
(p) Common Natick & Other Experimental AACs:
DAAD16 = US Army Materiel Command Acquisition Center, Natick Contracting Division (R&D and BaseOps)
DAAG17 = Natick Laboratories, Directorate of Procurement
DAAK60 = Natick Laboratories, Directorate of Procurement (later, Soldier Systems Command Acquisition Center)
DAAN02 = Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
W911QY = US Army Contracting Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Natick Division
Common AACs from other branches:
M67854 = Marine Corps Research, Development and Acquisition Command
F44600 = 1 CONS/CC, Langley AFB, VA (Air Force)
F33654 = ASD/PK, Aeronautical Systems Division, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH (Air Force)
F33601 = WPCC/PKO, Operational Contracting, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH (Air Force)
N00140 = Commanding Officer, Naval Regional, Contracting Center, Naval Base, Philadelphia
(p) Common Overseas AACs:
DAJB03 = US Army Korea Procurement Agency
DAJB09 = HQ, US Army Ryukyu Islands, Okinawa
DAJB11 = US Army Procurement Agency, Vietnam
DAJB17 = US Army Procurement Agency, Japan
(d) Common Depot Codes 1930s-1944:
155 = Boston Quartermaster Depot
199 = Chicago Quartermaster Depot
431 = Jeffersonville Quartermaster Depot
535 = HQ Air Materiel Command, Wright Field, Dayton, OH
669 = Philadelphia Quartermaster Depot
2129 = Seattle Quartermaster Depot
2217 = Fort Worth Quartermaster Depot
(d) Common Depot / Supply Centre Codes (1944-1965):
04 = Oakland Quartermaster Depot
12 = Jeffersonville Quartermaster Depot
19 = Boston Quartermaster Depot
30 = New York Quartermaster Depot
36 = Philadelphia Quartermaster Depot
41 = San Antonio Army Service Forces (A.S.F) Depot
45 = Seattle Army Service Forces (A.S.F) Depot
92 = Far East Command
(sub) International Procurement Centres
125 = Korea
321 = Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa)
328 = Engineer District, Okinawa
525 = Bremerhaven
557 = Japan
591 = Frankfurt
600 = Paris
645 = Orleans
(t) Common Contract Types (1953-1964)
C = Clothing (Speculative)
E = Equipment (Speculative)
(“C” appears on all items of clothing, and “E” appears on all items of personal equipment such as webbing and boots)
(t) Common Instrument Codes (1965-Present):
C = Contracts of all types except indefinite-delivery
D = Indefinite-delivery contract (IDC)
F = Orders or calls under IDC; BPA (Blanket Purchase Agreement); BOA (Basic Ordering Agreement)
Below: Simplified table showing only the most common complete contract numbers per period
Simplified Key:
(c) Contracting Agency
(d) Quartermaster Depot
(sub) Depot Subdivision / Procurement Centre
(p) Procurement Agency (AAC)
(t) Type
(y) Fiscal Year
(s) Serial Number
| Year / Period | Format | Example |
| 1930s-1943: | c-ddd-pp-sssss | W-431-QM-10665 |
| 1943-1945: | c-dd-sub-pp-ssss | W-12-036-QM-1107 |
| 1946-1948: | pp-sssss | QM-10614 |
| 1949: | c-dd-sub-pp-sssss | W-30-280-QM-11949 |
| 1950-FY1952: | cc-dd-sub-pp-sssss | DA-36-030-QM-369 |
| FY1953 - TAP Series: | cc-dd-sub-ppp-ssss | DA-30-352-TAP-882 |
| FY1954-FY1962: | cc-dd-sub-pp(CTM)-sssss-t-yy | DA-36-243-QM(CTM)-10548-C-62 |
| FY1962: | ppp-d-ssss-t-yy | DSA-1-777-C-62 |
| FY1963-FY1965: | ppp-d-ssss-yy-t | DSA-1-1940-63-C |
| FY1965: | ppp-d-ssss | DSA-1-4850 |
| FY1966: | ppp-ddd-ssss | DSA-100-4081 |
| FY1967-1968: | ppp-ddd-yy-t-ssss | DSA-100-67-C-3537 |
| FY1967-Present: | pppppp-yy-t-ssss | DLA100-78-C-0720 |
Below: Complete table showing complete, abbreviated, and alternative contract numbers per period
| Year / Period | Format | Example |
| 1907-1920s: | ||
| Complete | ssss | 2289 |
| Complete 2 | ssss-ss | 2960-B1 |
| 1930s-1943: | ||
| Complete 1: | c-ddd-pp-sssss | W-431-QM-10665 |
| Complete 2: | c-ddd-pp–ttt-sssss | W-669-QM-ECW-314 |
| Abbreviated: | ddd-pp-sssss | 669-QM-21719 |
| 1943-1945: | ||
| Complete: | c-dd-sub-pp-sssss | W-12-036-QM-1107 |
| Purchase Order 1: | P.O. # sssss | P.O. # 2360 |
| Purchase Order 2: | P.O. No. sssss | P.O. No. 1037 |
| Purchase Order 3: | P.O. sssss | P.O. 25398 |
| 1946-1949: | ||
| Complete: | c-dd-sub-pp-sssss | W-30-280-QM-11949 |
| Abbreviated: | pp-sssss | QM-10614 |
| Abbreviated w/ OI: | pp-sssss-OI-oooo | QM-12661-OI-7956 |
| 1950-FY1952: | ||
| Complete: | cc-dd-sub-pp-sssss | DA-36-030-QM-369 |
| Abbreviated: | pp-sssss | QM-7256 |
| Abbreviated w/ OI: | pp-sssss-OI-oooo | QM-12661-OI-7956 |
| FY1953 - TAP Series: | ||
| Complete: | cc-dd-sub-ppp-ssss | DA-30-352-TAP-882 |
| Abbreviated w/ OI: | cc-dd-sub-ppp-ssss-OI-oooo-t-yy | DA-30-352-TAP-2228-OI-2286-C-53 |
| Abbreviated: | ppp-ssss | TAP-1424 |
| Abbreviated w/ OI: | ppp-ssss-OI-oooo-t-yy | TAP-1830-OI-1888-C-53 |
| FY1954-FY1965: | ||
| Complete: | cc-dd-sub-pp(CTM)-sssss-t-yy | DA-36-243-QM(CTM)-10548-C-62 |
| Abbreviated 1: | cc-dd-sub-pp(CTM)-ssss | DA-36-243-QM(CTM)-1583 |
| DA-36-243-QM(CTM)-2677 | ||
| Abbreviated 2: | cc-dd-sub-pp-ssss | DA-23-204-TC-1371 |
| DA-36-030-QM-6463 | ||
| DA-92-557-FEC-37053 | ||
| Abbreviated 3: | pp(CTM)-sssss-t-yy | QM(CTM)-10127-E-61 |
| Abbreviated 4: | pp-ss-t-yy | QM-65-C-54 |
| Abbreviated 5: | pp-ssss | QM-5597 |
| Complete w/ OI: | cc-dd-sub-pp(CTM)-ssss-OI-oooo-t-yy | DA-36-243-QM(CTM)-2239-OI-1330-C-58 |
| DA-36-243-QM(CTM)-2985-OI-356-C-59 | ||
| Complete w/ OI 2 | cc-dd-sub-pp-ssss-OI-oooo-t-yy | DA-36-030-QM-8549-OI-647-C-57 |
| Abbreviated w/ OI 1: | cc-dd-pp(CTM)-ssss-OI-oooo-t-yy | DA-36-QM(CTM)-500-OI-2914-C-57 |
| Abbreviated w/ OI 2: | pp(CPM)-ssss-OI-oooo-t-yy | QM(CTM)-250-OI-2637-E-57 |
| QM(CTM)-1711-OI-748-C-58 | ||
| QM(CTM)-3574-OI-1020-C-59 | ||
| Abbreviated w/ OI 3: | pp-ssss-OI-oooo-t-yy | QM-6438-OI-855-C-56 |
| QM-8495-OI-535-C-57 | ||
| Abbreviated w/ OI 4: | pp-ssss-OI-oooo | QM-6756-OI-1428 |
| Abbreviated w/ OI & Date: | pp-ssss-dmy-OI-oooo-t-yy | QM-8961 31 OCTOBER 1956 OI-1093-C-57 |
| FY1962: | ||
| Complete: | ppp-d-ssss-t-yy | DSA-1-777-C-62 |
| Alternative: | ppp-d-ssss-yy-t | DSA-1-852-62-E |
| FY1963-FY1965: | ||
| Complete: | ppp-d-ssss-yy-t | DSA-1-1940-63-C |
| FY1965: | ||
| Complete: | ppp-d-ssss | DSA-1-4850 |
| Complete w/ PC: | ppp-d-ssssss-PCkkk | DSA-4-070382-PC409 |
| FY1966: | ||
| Complete: | ppp-ddd-ssss-yy | DSA-120-526-66 |
| Complete w/ PC: | ppp-ddd-yy-ssss-66-PCkkk | DSA-400-66-1531-PC409 |
| Abbreviated: | ppp-ddd-ssss | DSA-100-4081 |
| FY1967-1968: | ||
| Complete: | ppp-ddd-yy-t-ssss | DSA-100-67-C-3537 |
| FY1967-Present: | ||
| Complete: | pppppp-yy-t-ssss | DSA100-67-3717 |
| DAJB03-69-C-0187 | ||
| DSA100-70-C-0249 | ||
| DAAG17-72-C-0133 | ||
| DLA100-78-C-0720 | ||
| DAAK60-85-C-0054 | ||
| SPO100-94-D-0340 | ||
| DAAN02-98-P-8960 | ||
| DAAD16-99-P-1004 | ||
| SPM100-04-D-0367 | ||
| W911QY-06-D-0008 | ||
| SPM1C1-07-D-0015 | ||
| SPE1C1-14-D-1048 |
Index:
A.S.F. Depot…....…Army Service Forces Depot
Cont………….......….Contract
CPM / CTM…...….Clothing Procurement / Clothing & Textile Material Program (speculative)
DAAS………….…….Defense Automatic Addressing System
DCTSA……….....…..Defense Clothing and Textile Supply Agency
DCTSC……….……..Defense Clothing and Textile Supply Center
DPSC……..…………Defense Personnel Supply Center
DSCP………..………Defense Supply Center, Philadelphia
FAR……………..……Federal Acquisition Regulation
FY.............................Fiscal Year
MILSTAAD…..……Military Standard Activity Address Directory (System)
MILSTRIP………….Military Standard Requisitioning and Issue Procedures
N.Y.Q.M.P.O……..New York Quartermasters Purchasing Office
N.Y.Q.M.P.A……..New York Quartermasters Purchasing Agency
OI…………..…….....Unknown (possibly “Order Indefinite” - For ongoing contracts without a set date or fulfilment quantity)
PIID…………...……..Procurement Instrument Identification (PIID) Number
PO……………....…..Purchasing Office
PO……………....…..Project Order
PO…………...……..Purchase Order
PQD…………...…...Philadelphia Quartermasters Depot
PQMD……...……. Philadelphia Quartermasters Depot
QM…………...…….Quartermaster
QMC……….…..….Quartermaster Corps
QMD………...…….Quartermaster Depot
Tent. Spec………..Tentative Specification
QMPONY……......Quartermasters Purchasing Agency, New York
- Department of Defense. DoD Activity Address Directory, vol. 6. Change 12. Washington, DC: Department of Defense, April 2, 2019.
- Department of Defense. Department of Defense Annual Report for Fiscal Year 1964. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1965.
- Defense Supply Agency. Annual Report of the Defense Supply Agency, October 1, 1961 to June 30, 1962. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1962.
- Defense Supply Agency. Annual Report of the Defense Supply Agency, 1 July 1962 to 30 June 1963. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1963.
- Department of Defense. Activity Address Numbers for Use in Conjunction with the Uniform Procurement Instrument Identification Numbering System. Rev. 20. Washington, DC: Department of Defense, December 1, 1966.
- Federal Register 57, no. 179 (September 11, 1992).
- Federal Register 67, no. 226 (November 22, 2002).
- Statistical Reports to the Quartermaster General, 1945. Washington, DC: Office of the Quartermaster General, U.S. Army, 1945.
- Code of Federal Regulations 62, no. 121 (June 24, 1997).
- Department of Defense. Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement, Part 2. Washington, DC: Department of Defense, November 22, 2002.
- Department of Defense. Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement: Technical Amendments to Update Activity Names and Addresses. Washington, DC, March 16, 2000.
- Joint Economic Committee. Background Material on Economic Impact of Federal Procurement. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1966.
- U.S. Army. General Orders No. 33. Department of the Army, July 20, 1956.
- U.S. Army Quartermaster General. Report of the Quartermaster General of the Army to the Secretary of War. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1920.
- Risch, Erna. The Quartermaster Corps: Organization, Supply, and Services. Vol. 1. Washington, DC: Office of the Chief of Military History, U.S. Army, 1953.
- Haggard, John V. Procurement of Clothing and Textiles, 1945–1953. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1958.
- Defense Contract Audit Agency. Hearing Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives, Ninetienth Congress, First Session. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, 1967.
- Weng, Juyang, and Yilu Zhang. Developmental Robots: A New Paradigm. January 1, 2005.
- United States Department of the Army. Contract W911QY-21-9-0006. October 30, 2020.
- United States Department of the Army. Contract W911QY-20-C-0100. August 9, 2020.
- United States Department of the Army. Contract DAAD-16-01-C-0061. September 26, 2001.
- Defense Logistics Agency. Clothing & Textiles Small Business. March 2020. https://www.dla.mil
- Defense Logistics Agency. “About DLA Troop Support.” https://www.dla.mil/Troop-Support/About/TS_History/
- Defense Logistics Agency. “History of DLA.” https://www.dla.mil/About-DLA/History
- Federal Acquisition Regulation. “FAR.” https://www.acquisition.gov/browse/index/far
- United States Military Uniforms of World War II. https://www.usww2uniforms.com
- WW2 U.S. Medical Research Centre. https://www.med-dept.com
- NSN Lookup. “NSN Search by National Stock Number.” https://www.nsnlookup.com/search/national-stock-number-nsn
- World War I Nerd. “A.E.F. Service Coats.” U.S. Militaria Forum, March 3, 2016. https://www.usmilitariaforum.com/forums/index.php?/topic/262023-aef-service-coats/
- BidLink.net. “Contract Numbers: 9th Position Tells You a Lot.” April 23, 2025. https://www.bidlink.net/news/2025/04/contract-numbers-9th-position-tells-lot/
- U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps. https://www.quartermaster.army.mil
This article would not have been possible without the help and support of those who have offered their time, knowledge and photographs. My thanks go to:
Brandon Spills (@brandonsmilitaria)
Hirotaka Sasaki
Luke Stevens (@vietnam_war_room)
Olivier Bizet - Author of Yankee Air Pirates: U.S. Air Force Uniforms and Memorabilia of the Vietnam War